Lymphatic Filariasis (Elephantiasis) Elimination: A public health success and development opportunity

Additional File 1:

Wuchereria bancrofti is the causative parasite responsible for approximately 90% of all cases of lymphatic filariasis. This animation illustrates the parasite's life cycle. Copyright ^© filariasis.net

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Additional File 2:

"The Patient's Perspective" This video – filmed in Brazil, Haiti, India, Samoa and Tanzania – gives a unique insight into how lymphatic filariasis affects individuals and prevents them from leading a normal life.

• T1 connection rtsp://gskdotcomrm.fplive.net/gskdotcom/lf_t1.rm webcite (7.3 MB);

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• Modem connection rtsp://gskdotcomrm.fplive.net/gskdotcom/lf_modem.rm webcite (1.2 MB). We would like to thank GlaxoSmithKline, the World Health Organization, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, NEPAF, NGO Amaury Coutinho (Recife, Brazil) and all the people who took part in this video. This video was produced by Lipfriend Rodd International and supported by an education grant from GlaxoSmithKline.

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Additional File 3:

The ICT (Immunochromatographic Card Test) procedure for lymphatic filariasis is a simple, rapid test for detecting adult worm antigen in human blood and permits the rapid assessment of prevalence, facilitates mapping of disease distribution and evaluation of levels of transmission in populations under mass drug administration. This animation illustrates the ICT procedure. We would like to thank The Wellcome Trust for making this animation available to us. Copyright ^© The Wellcome Trust

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Additional File 4:

Our understanding of the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of hydrocoele (one of the sequelae of lymphatic filariasis where fluid collects in the scrotal sac causing it to swell) has been greatly increased by ultrasonography which is able to detect adult Wuchereria bancrofti worms in scrotal lymphatic vessels on account of the characteristic pattern of adult worm movements, known as the filarial dance sign. Examination by ultrasound is a non-invasive tool that has become important in clinical studies of lymphatic filariasis. In this digital video sequence (a transverse ultrasound scan of the left testis) an enlarged lymphatic vessel can be seen (arrow), along with one or more adult worms – detectable by their typical movements – the filarial dance sign. We would like to thank Sabine Mand and Achim Hoerauf for making this video available to us. Reproduced with permission from Filaria Journal 2003, 2:3 (27 February 2003) Copyright ^© Sabine Mand and Achim Hoerauf, Bernhard Nocht Institute, Hamburg, Germany.

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